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In the context of machine learning, **inference** is the process of using a trained machine learning model to make predictions on new, unseen data. Essentially, once a model has been trained on a dataset, inference is when you feed new input data into that model to obtain an output or prediction. For example, if you have trained an image classification model, the inference step is when you show a new image to the model, and it outputs the predicted category (e.g.,